Ko te pūngao karihi e hangaia ana e te tukanga o te whakatinanatanga karihi pūngao karihi Ko te pūngao karihi e hangaia ana e te tukanga o te karihi karihi, arā, ko te wehe i te nuclei o ngā ngota taumaha pēnei i te konuruke-235 (U-235), i te wāhi rānei-239 (Pu-239). Anei tētahi tirohanga whānui mo tana mahi : te fission karihi : Ko te whakatinanatanga karihi te tukanga e pā ai te nucleus o te ngota taumaha, pēnei i te konuruke, i te wāhi rānei, e tūkinotia ana e te neutron, nā reira ka wehe atu ki te nuclei iti iho, tae atu ki te tuku i ētahi atu neutrons me te nui o te pūngao i te āhua o te wera. Mana tauhohenga : Hei whakahaere tonu i te tukanga fission, ka whakamahia tētahi pūnaha mana tauhohenga. I te nuinga o te wā, ka whakatakotoria ngā rauemi neutron-absorbing, pēnei i te kauwhata, i te boron rānei, ki te whakarite i te maha o ngā neutrons me te pupuri i te tauhohenga mekameka ki tētahi taumata whakahaere. Whakatupuranga Wera : Ka whakamahia te pūngao i whakaputaina i runga i te āhua wera i te wā o te whakakotahitanga ki te wai wera me te whakaputa i te uaua. E tonoa ana tēnei uaua ki tētahi turbine, e honoa ana ki tētahi whakahiko. Ki te pana te uaua i nga rau turbine, ka hurihuri i te whakahiko, ka puta hiko. Mātao ana : Me mātao nga pūrere karihi hai ārai i te nui o te mahi. I te nuinga o te wā, ka whakamahia te wai hai māngai whakamātao. E ngongo ana i te wera i hangā e te tauhohenga whakararuraru, ā, ka whakanuku i tēnei wera i roto i tētahi pūnaha whakamātao. Haumarutanga : Kua whakarahia ngā hiko karihi ki ngā pūnaha haumaru maha hei ārai i ngā aituā me te whakamōkito i ngā mōrea i te wā o tētahi mahi. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā pūnaha whakamātao ohorere, ngā pūnaha whakauru kia whai i ngā pūnaha mōwhitiwhiti i te wā o tētahi hātepe whakahaere māturu, ururua iraruke hoki. Whakahaerenga moumou : Ko tētahi āhuatanga hira o te pūngao karihi ko te whakahaeretanga o te ururua iraruke i hangaia e te tukanga whakatinanatanga. Me penapena haumaru tēnei moumou mō ngā wā roa rawa hei whakamōkito i ngā mōrea ki te taiao me te hauora tūmatanui. Hei whakarāpopototanga, ko te pūngao karihi e hangaia ana e te tukanga o te pūngao karihi, e puta ana i te pūngao ki te āhua o te wera. Kātahi ka tahuritia tēnei wera hai hiko ma roto i te pūnaha whakatipuranga uaua me nga turbines. Nga wae o te tipu hiko karihi. Ko nga wae matua o te tipu hiko karihi : pūrere karihi : Ko te pūrere karihi te ngākau o te tipu e tū ai nga tauhohenga karihi. Kei roto ko te hinu karihi, pēnei i te konupūpū, i te wāhi rānei, tae atu ki ngā mana aratau me ngā mana pūrere hei whakarite i ngā tauhohenga karihi. Kaihanga Steam : Ko te whakahiko uaua hei tahuri i te wera i hangā e te rea hei uaua. He maha nga ngongo e whakamanamana ana te wai i te rea. Ka panonihia tēnei wai hai uaua pēhanga tiketike e toroa ana ki te turbine. Steam Turbine : E tūhono ana te turbine uaua ki te whakahiko uaua. Ina tomo mai te uaua pēhanga tiketike i hangā e te whakahiko uaua ki te turbine, ka tītaka i ngā rau turbine. Ka tahuri tēnei takahuringa i te pūngao wera o te uaua hai pūngao pūkaha. Kaihanga : E tūhono ana te whakahiko ki te turbine, ā, ka tahuri i te pūngao pūkaha i hangā e te takahuringa o te turbine ki te pūngao hiko. E mahi ana e ai ki te tikanga o te kōkuhu ā-hiko. Pūnaha Mātao : Kua whakarahia nga hiko karihi ki ngā pūnaha whakamātao hei tango i te wera i hangaia e te rea. Ka taea e tēnei te whakauru i ngā pourewa whakamātao, ngā ara wai whakamātao, ngā pūnaha whakawhiti wera, me ētahi atu mea. Ngā Pūnaha Haumarutanga : Kua whakarahia ngā hiko karihi ki ngā pūnaha haumaru maha hei ārai i ngā aituā me te whakamōkito i ngā mōrea i te wā o tētahi mahi. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā pūnaha mana rea, ngā pūnaha whakamātao ohorere, ngā pūnaha kei roto hei pupuri i ngā pūnaha mōwhitiwhiti i te wā o tētahi pūnaha pūrua māturu, hiko hoki. Pūnaha Mana me te Tirotiro : Kua whakarahia ngā hiko hiko karihi ki ngā pūnaha mana mātauranga me ngā pūnaha aroturuki hei aroturuki haere tonu i te mahinga rea, ngā taumata pūwhitiwhiti, ngā here haumaru, ērā atu mea. Rokiroki Waste Karihi : Me whakahaere e nga hiko karihi te para iraruke i hangaia e te tukanga karihi. Ka pā tēnei ki te rokiroki haumaru, haumaru hoki o te ururua iraruke i roto i ngā pūkenga tika. Ngā momo hiko karihi matua : Ngā Kaiwhakahaere Wai Pēhi (PWRs) : Ko ngā pūrere wai pēhi ko ngā momo pūrere tino pūnoa e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā hiko hiko karihi puta noa i te ao. E whakamahia ana e rātau he wai pēhi hai māngai whakamātao, aratau hoki. Ko te wai e whakamanamana ana i te rea i roto i te ara tuatahi, ka puritia i runga i te pēhanga tiketike hai ārai i te kōhua. Kātahi ka whakawhitia tēnei wera ki tētahi ara tuarua mā tētahi whakawhitinga wera hei whakaputa i te uaua, e whakahaere ana i tētahi turbine e hono ana ki tētahi hiko hiko whakahiko. Ngā Pūrere Wai Kōhua (BWR) : He ōrite ngā pūrere wai kāore i te mōhiotia, engari i tēnei take, ka whakaaetia te wai i roto i te rea ki te kōhua i roto i te ara tuatahi. Ka whakamahia hāngai tonu te uaua i hangā hai huri i te turbine, kaore he hiahiatanga mo te ara tuarua. Ko ēnei pūrere e whakamahia nuitia ana i roto i ngā hiko hiko karihi i hangaia e te Hiko Ahuwhānui. Ngā Kaiwhakahaere Wai Taumaha (CANDU) : Ko ngā pūrere wai taumaha, e mōhiotia ana hoki ko ngā pūrere o Kānata Deuterium Uranium (CANDU), whakamahia te wai taumaha (kei roto te hauwai hauwai) hei kaiwhakaōrite me te wai kōmā hei māngai whakamātao. Ko te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana rātau i Kānata me ētahi atu whenua. Ka taea e ēnei pūrere te whakamahi i te konuruke māori hei hinu, kia ngāwari ai rātou ki ngā putanga hinu. Ngā Pūrere Neutron Tere (FNR) : Ko ngā pūrere neutron tere e whakamahi ana i ngā neutrons tere, kaua ko ngā neutrons wera hei take i ngā tauhohenga i roto i te hinu karihi. Ka taea e rātau te whakamahi i ngā momo hinu rerekē, tae atu ki te konuruke me te wāhi wāhi. Kei ngā pūrere tere te kaha ki te whakaputa i ētahi atu hinu i a rātau e pau ana, e ātaahua ai mō te whakaputa pūngao mo te wā roa me te whakahaere para karihi. Ngā Pūrere Tote Molten (MSR) : Ko ngā pūrere tote whakarewa he hangarau puta noa e whakamahi ana i ngā tote whakarewa hei hinu, hei māngai whakamātao hoki. E tukuna ana e rātau ngā painga haumarutanga me te tōtika, tae atu ki te kaha ki te whakamahi i ngā kora karihi i runga ake i ngā whakamōhiotanga, e whakaheke ana i te nui o te ururua karihi i hangaia. Copyright © 2020-2024 instrumentic.info contact@instrumentic.info E whakakake ana mātau ki te tuku i tētahi pae wātea tunu ki a koe me te kore pānuitanga. Ko to tautoko pūtea e haere tonu ana mātau. Pāwhiri !
Nga wae o te tipu hiko karihi. Ko nga wae matua o te tipu hiko karihi : pūrere karihi : Ko te pūrere karihi te ngākau o te tipu e tū ai nga tauhohenga karihi. Kei roto ko te hinu karihi, pēnei i te konupūpū, i te wāhi rānei, tae atu ki ngā mana aratau me ngā mana pūrere hei whakarite i ngā tauhohenga karihi. Kaihanga Steam : Ko te whakahiko uaua hei tahuri i te wera i hangā e te rea hei uaua. He maha nga ngongo e whakamanamana ana te wai i te rea. Ka panonihia tēnei wai hai uaua pēhanga tiketike e toroa ana ki te turbine. Steam Turbine : E tūhono ana te turbine uaua ki te whakahiko uaua. Ina tomo mai te uaua pēhanga tiketike i hangā e te whakahiko uaua ki te turbine, ka tītaka i ngā rau turbine. Ka tahuri tēnei takahuringa i te pūngao wera o te uaua hai pūngao pūkaha. Kaihanga : E tūhono ana te whakahiko ki te turbine, ā, ka tahuri i te pūngao pūkaha i hangā e te takahuringa o te turbine ki te pūngao hiko. E mahi ana e ai ki te tikanga o te kōkuhu ā-hiko. Pūnaha Mātao : Kua whakarahia nga hiko karihi ki ngā pūnaha whakamātao hei tango i te wera i hangaia e te rea. Ka taea e tēnei te whakauru i ngā pourewa whakamātao, ngā ara wai whakamātao, ngā pūnaha whakawhiti wera, me ētahi atu mea. Ngā Pūnaha Haumarutanga : Kua whakarahia ngā hiko karihi ki ngā pūnaha haumaru maha hei ārai i ngā aituā me te whakamōkito i ngā mōrea i te wā o tētahi mahi. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā pūnaha mana rea, ngā pūnaha whakamātao ohorere, ngā pūnaha kei roto hei pupuri i ngā pūnaha mōwhitiwhiti i te wā o tētahi pūnaha pūrua māturu, hiko hoki. Pūnaha Mana me te Tirotiro : Kua whakarahia ngā hiko hiko karihi ki ngā pūnaha mana mātauranga me ngā pūnaha aroturuki hei aroturuki haere tonu i te mahinga rea, ngā taumata pūwhitiwhiti, ngā here haumaru, ērā atu mea. Rokiroki Waste Karihi : Me whakahaere e nga hiko karihi te para iraruke i hangaia e te tukanga karihi. Ka pā tēnei ki te rokiroki haumaru, haumaru hoki o te ururua iraruke i roto i ngā pūkenga tika.
Ngā momo hiko karihi matua : Ngā Kaiwhakahaere Wai Pēhi (PWRs) : Ko ngā pūrere wai pēhi ko ngā momo pūrere tino pūnoa e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā hiko hiko karihi puta noa i te ao. E whakamahia ana e rātau he wai pēhi hai māngai whakamātao, aratau hoki. Ko te wai e whakamanamana ana i te rea i roto i te ara tuatahi, ka puritia i runga i te pēhanga tiketike hai ārai i te kōhua. Kātahi ka whakawhitia tēnei wera ki tētahi ara tuarua mā tētahi whakawhitinga wera hei whakaputa i te uaua, e whakahaere ana i tētahi turbine e hono ana ki tētahi hiko hiko whakahiko. Ngā Pūrere Wai Kōhua (BWR) : He ōrite ngā pūrere wai kāore i te mōhiotia, engari i tēnei take, ka whakaaetia te wai i roto i te rea ki te kōhua i roto i te ara tuatahi. Ka whakamahia hāngai tonu te uaua i hangā hai huri i te turbine, kaore he hiahiatanga mo te ara tuarua. Ko ēnei pūrere e whakamahia nuitia ana i roto i ngā hiko hiko karihi i hangaia e te Hiko Ahuwhānui. Ngā Kaiwhakahaere Wai Taumaha (CANDU) : Ko ngā pūrere wai taumaha, e mōhiotia ana hoki ko ngā pūrere o Kānata Deuterium Uranium (CANDU), whakamahia te wai taumaha (kei roto te hauwai hauwai) hei kaiwhakaōrite me te wai kōmā hei māngai whakamātao. Ko te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana rātau i Kānata me ētahi atu whenua. Ka taea e ēnei pūrere te whakamahi i te konuruke māori hei hinu, kia ngāwari ai rātou ki ngā putanga hinu. Ngā Pūrere Neutron Tere (FNR) : Ko ngā pūrere neutron tere e whakamahi ana i ngā neutrons tere, kaua ko ngā neutrons wera hei take i ngā tauhohenga i roto i te hinu karihi. Ka taea e rātau te whakamahi i ngā momo hinu rerekē, tae atu ki te konuruke me te wāhi wāhi. Kei ngā pūrere tere te kaha ki te whakaputa i ētahi atu hinu i a rātau e pau ana, e ātaahua ai mō te whakaputa pūngao mo te wā roa me te whakahaere para karihi. Ngā Pūrere Tote Molten (MSR) : Ko ngā pūrere tote whakarewa he hangarau puta noa e whakamahi ana i ngā tote whakarewa hei hinu, hei māngai whakamātao hoki. E tukuna ana e rātau ngā painga haumarutanga me te tōtika, tae atu ki te kaha ki te whakamahi i ngā kora karihi i runga ake i ngā whakamōhiotanga, e whakaheke ana i te nui o te ururua karihi i hangaia.