Nga turbines Hau - Kia mōhio katoa !

e toru rau e tautokona ana e tētahi pokapū e whakarite ana i te rotor
e toru rau e tautokona ana e tētahi pokapū e whakarite ana i te rotor

Nga turbines Hau

Ko te nuinga o te wā, e toru ngā rau e tautokona ana e tētahi pokapū e whakarite ana i te rotor, ā, i tāutatia ki runga i te mast poutū. E whakaūtia ana tēnei whakaminenga e te pūtau e noho ana i te whakahiko.

Ma te mīhini hiko ka taea te whakauru i te rotor kia anga tonu atu ai ki te hau.

Ma nga rau ka taea te whakarerekē i te pūngao kinetic o te hau (te pūngao e mau ana i te tinana nā tōna nekehanga) ki te pūngao pūkaha (te nekehanga pūkaha o ngā rau).
Ka tītaka te hau i nga rau i waenganui i te 10 me te 25 hurihanga ia meneti. Kai te āhua tonu te tere o te takahuringa o nga rau i runga i to rātau rahi : ko te nui ake, ko te iti rawa o te tītaka.

Ka panonihia e te whakahiko te pūngao pūkaha hai pūngao hiko. Me whakahaere te nuinga o ngā whakahiko i ngā tere tiketike (1,000 ki te 2,000 huri ia meneti) hei whakaputa hiko.
Nō reira, ko te mea tuatahi kia puta te pūngao pūkaha o nga rau i roto i te taurea, ko tana mahi ko te whakatere i te nekehanga o te shaft tarenga pōturi, me nga rau, ki te shaft tere me te whakahiko.

He ngaohiko tō te hiko i hangā e te whakahiko, tata ki te 690 volts kāore e taea te whakamahi hāngai, ka whakamahia mā tētahi kaitahuri, ā, ka nui ake tōna ngaohiko ki te 20,000 volts.
Kātahi ka werohia ki roto i te mātiti hiko, ā, ka taea te tuari ki ngā kiritaki.
Ko te tuaka whakapae ko te turbine hau whakapae, he mast, he nacelle me te rotor.
Ko te tuaka whakapae ko te turbine hau whakapae, he mast, he nacelle me te rotor.

Whakaahuatanga o tētahi turbine hau

Ko te pūtake, i te nuinga o te porohita me te whakapakari i te raima ki te kēhi o nga turbines hau o uta, e pupuri ana i te hanganga katoa;


Ko te mast 6, te pourewa rānei i raro e kitea ai e tātau te panoni e āhei ai te whakanui ake i te ngaohiko o te hiko i hangaia kia werohia ai ki roto i te whatunga;


Nacelle 4, ko te hanganga e tautokona ana e te whare pāngarau nga momo huānga pūkaha. E wehewehea ana ngā turbines hau puku hāngai mai i ērā kua whakarahia ki ngā tereina taputapu (gearbox / gearbox 5 ) i runga anō i te momo whirinoa e whakamahia ana.
E hiahiatia ana e ngā kaiwehe whakaritenga he urutaunga o te tere takahuringa e pā ana ki te nekehanga tuatahi o te rotor;

Ko Rotor 2, he wāhi tītaka o te turbine hau i whakatakotoria kia taea ai te hopu i ngā hau kaha, auau hoki. E 1 ngā rau i hangaia ki ngā rawa hiato kua tautuhia e te pūngao kinetic o te hau.
Kua tūhonotia e tētahi pokapū, ka taea ia i te wawaenga 25 ki te 60 m te roa me te tītaka i te tere o te 5 ki te 25 hurihanga ia meneti.

Te kaha o te hau turbine

Ko te hiko te nui o te pūngao i hangaia, i tare rānei i te hēkona kotahi. I tēnei wā, he mōrahi te kaha o te hau i tāutatia i waenganui i te 2 me te 4 MW, ina kaha rawa te hau.


Whakaarohia he turbine hau, he r āwū ōna rau.
E herea ana e te whakaterenga o te hau tere v.



Ko te pūngao i hopukina e te turbine hau, he rite tonu ki te pūngao kinetic o te hau e tika ana i roto i te hau hau.


Kāore e taea te whiwhi i tēnei pūngao katoa nā te mea kāore te tere o te hau i te kore i muri i te turbine hau.



Ko te hiko mōrahi (pūngao mō ia hēkona) i hopukina e te turbine hau e hoatu ana e te tātai a Betz :



P = 1.18 * R² * V³



Kei roto a R i ngā ine
V i roto i te mita mō ia hēkona
P in watts



E mōhio ana mātau ki ngā ahu o te turbine hau me te tere o te hau i tētahi pae i tukuna, ka taea e tātau te whakamahi i tēnei tātai, te arotake i te hiko o te turbine hau.

I runga i te mahi, he iti iho te mana whai painga o te turbine hau i te P. Nā te mea, mai i te hau ki te tuari, he maha ngā wāhanga o te tahuringa pūngao, ia me tōna ake kaha :


hau ki te pūngao kinetic o te kaihautū
Hanga hiko hei panoni
ka taea te rokiroki ki te tuari.


Ko te tōtika tino pai ko te 60 - 65%. Mō ngā turbines hau arumoni, kei te awhe
Hiko Wai
Ka whakamahi hiko te wai hei whati i te wai (H2O) ki te hauwai (H2) me te hāora (O2) Whakaputa wai He maha ngā huarahi o nāianei hei whakaputa hauwai, ia tangata whai painga me ōna hē mō te utu, te tōtika pūngao, te pānga taiao : Ngā hiko wai :
30 ki te 50%.

Te turbine hau me te āhuatanga utanga

Ahakoa kāore i te mahi i ngā wā katoa i runga i te hiko katoa, ka mahi tētahi turbine hau, ā, ka puta mai he hiko i runga i te wawaenga neke atu i te 90% o te wā.

Hei whakaahua i te ariā o te "āheitanga" o tētahi turbine hau, ka whakamahia e ngā kamupene pūngao tētahi tohu e kiia nei ko te āhuatanga utanga. Ka inetia e tēnei tohu te ōwehenga i waenganui i te pūngao i hangaia e tētahi wae whakanao hiko me te pūngao ka taea te whakaputa mēnā kei te mahi tonu i tōna hiko mōrahi.
Ko te āhuatanga utanga hau toharite ko te 23%.

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